Vitis riparia (Riverbank Grape)

Vitis riparia

Vitis riparia Michx.

Vitis riparia Michx. var. praecox Engelm. ex L.H. Bailey

Vitis riparia Michx. var. syrticola (Fernald & Wiegand) Fernald

Vitis vulpina L. ssp. riparia (Michx.) R.T. Clausen

Vitis vulpina L. var. praecox (Engelm. ex L.H. Bailey) L.H. Bailey

Vitis vulpina L. var. syrticola Fernald & Wiegand

Riverbank Grape

Kingdom	Plantae	Plants, but not fungi, lichens, or algae
Subkingdom	Tracheobionta	Vascular plants—plants with a “circulatory system” for delivering water and nutrients
Division	Magnoliophyta	Flowering plants, also known as angiosperms
Class	Magnoliopsida	Dicotyledons—plants with two initial seed leaves
Subclass	Rosidae	Roses, legumes, proteas, dogwoods, hydrangeas, mistletoes, euphorbias, grapes, many more
Order	Rhamnales	Buckthorns, oleasters, grapes, others
Family	Vitaceae	Grape family
Genus	Vitis	Latin for “the vine”
Species	riparia	Of or growing near river banks

About plant names...

Riverbank grape is a widespread North American native. The species, riparia, is named for its preference for wet places—the banks of rivers and streams, ravines, peninsulas and islands in lakes, etc.

Identification: These vines (technically, lianas) manage to climb their way up to 50' (15 m) into trees or anything else it can wrap its forked tendrils around. Stems are smooth and green or dull reddish brown when young, becoming thick (up to 3" (7.6 cm) around) and woody with age, with reddish, exfoliating bark. Leaves have three and sometimes as many as seven lobes, with coarse teeth and forward-pointing lobes. They are alternate, and are 4-8" (10-20 cm) × 2½-6" (7-15 cm). Lower leaf surfaces are covered with a bloom or fine hairs; upper leaves are shiny green. Flowers are yellowish-green, in loose spikes up to five inches long, appearing from May to July. Individual flowers are small and inconspicuous. Grape clusters are smaller in size than for many other grape species. The grapes are smaller too, ¼-½" (6.3-12 mm) around, and black, with a strong ”bloom” of blue. They appear from July to September. Each grape contains two to four seeds.

Edibility: Fruit is edible raw or dried as raisins, tasting sour unless harvested after a frost. Several sources say it makes a good jelly—for this purpose, the grapes should be harvested when younger, since the pectin content is higher. They were harvested by native Americans. The young leaves, wrapped around foods and baked, flavor the food. They can also be boiled and eaten with butter.

Online References:

Vitis riparia at the University of Wisconsin's Robert W. Freckmann Herbarium

Vitis riparia at Illinois Wildflowers

Vitis riparia on Kansas Wildflowers and Grasses

Vitis riparia on Plants for a Future, a resource and information centre for edible and otherwise useful plants

Vitis riparia at the Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center

References:

Peterson, Lee Allen, Peterson Field Guides: Edible Wild Plants of Eastern/Central North America, Houghton Mifflin Company, 1977, p. 198