Phragmites australis (Phragmites)

Phragmites australis

Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.

Phragmites communis Trin. ssp. berlandieri (Fourn.) Á. Löve & D. Löve

Phragmites phragmites (L.) Karst. nom. inval.

Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. var. berlandieri (Fourn.) C.F. Reed

Phragmites communis Trin.

Phragmites communis Trin. var. berlandieri (Fourn.) Fernald

Phragmites communis Trin. ssp. berlandieri (Fourn.) A. Löve & D. Löve

Phragmites phragmites (L.) Karst.

Phragmites, Common Reed

Kingdom	Plantae	Plants, but not fungi, lichens, or algae
Subkingdom	Tracheobionta	Vascular plants—plants with a “circulatory system” for delivering water and nutrients
Division	Magnoliophyta	Flowering plants, also known as angiosperms
Class	Liliopsida	Monocots (plants with a single seed leaf); includes the lily family
Subclass	Commelinidae	Dayflowers and spiderworts, and several others
Order	Cyperales	Flowering plants including grasses
Family	Poaceae	Grasses (but not sedges or rushes)
Genus	Phragmites	From the Greek phragma, “a fence or screen, hedge,” hence growing in hedges
Species	australis	Southern

About plant names...

The common reed is found in wetlands through much of North America and the rest of the world. It is found throughout the conterminous United States. It is considered invasive (or otherwise undesirable) in many states along the Atlantic coast, as well as much of the midwest and parts of the Pacific northwest.

Identification: Phragmites looks like (and is) a giant grass, with blades up to 20" (50 cm) long. It can grow as high as 20' (6.1 m), occurring in dense stands (up to 20 stems per square foot) and spreading very quickly. Flowers are dark purple, growing in dense spikes up to 24" (60 cm) long. It is found near fresh and brackish water, and may grow in standing water or even as free-floating mats.

Online References:

Phragmites australis on Wikipedia

Phragmites australis on the USDA Plants Database

Phragmites australis on spes.vt.edu

Phragmites australis on Plants for a Future, a resource and information centre for edible and otherwise useful plants

Phragmites australis on site.www.umb.edu

Phragmites australis on hort.purdue.edu

Phragmites australis on the USDA Forest Service's Fire Effects Information Database

Phragmites australis at the Commonwealth of Massachusetts Department of Conservation and Recreation (PDF)

References:

Agricultural Research Service of the United States Department of Agriculture, Common Weeds of the United States, Dover Publications, Inc., 1971

Uva, Richard H.; Neal, Joseph C.; DiTomaso, Joseph M., Weeds of the Northeast, Comstock Publishing Associates, 1997, p. 76

8/1/2009 · Falmouth, ME
≈ 4 × 6½' (1.3 × 2.0 m)

9/14/2011 · Nashua River Rail Trail, Groton Center, Groton, MA
≈ 14 × 9" (35 × 23 cm)

8/1/2009 · Falmouth, ME
≈ 3½ × 5½' (1.2 × 1.7 m)

5/13/2010 · Nashua River Rail Trail, Groton Center, Groton, MA
≈ 21 × 31" (52 × 78 cm) ID is uncertain

6/1/2010 · Nashua River Rail Trail, Groton Center, Groton, MA
≈ 5 × 6" (13 × 15 cm) ID is uncertain

11/7/2009 · Nashua River Rail Trail, Groton Center, Groton, MA
≈ 14 × 18" (34 × 46 cm)

Phragmites australis description by Thomas H. Kent, last updated 25 May 2020.

1/6/2010 · Nashua River Rail Trail, Groton Center, Groton, MA
≈ 18 × 12" (45 × 30 cm) ID is uncertain

6/5/2013 · Nashua River Rail Trail, Groton Center, Groton, MA
≈ 6 × 4½" (15 × 11 cm)

5/13/2010 · Nashua River Rail Trail, Groton Center, Groton, MA
≈ 15 × 19" (37 × 48 cm)

6/16/2010 · Nashua River Rail Trail, Groton Center, Groton, MA
≈ 21 × 31" (52 × 78 cm)

6/1/2010 · Nashua River Rail Trail, Groton Center, Groton, MA
≈ 31 × 46" (78 × 117 cm) ID is uncertain

12/13/2011 · Nashua River Rail Trail, Groton Center, Groton, MA
≈ 9 × 13" (23 × 32 cm)

4/12/2011
≈ 9 × 13" (22 × 32 cm)

8/1/2009 · Falmouth, ME
≈ 4 × 2½' (1.2 × 0.8 m)

10/27/2006 · Edgartown, MA · By Philip A. Despo ID is uncertain

Range:

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