Ilex verticillata (L.) A. Gray
Winterberry, common winterberry
Kingdom Plantae Plants, but not fungi, lichens, or algae
Subkingdom Tracheobionta Vascular plants—plants with a “circulatory system” for delivering water and nutrients
Division Magnoliophyta Flowering plants, also known as angiosperms
Class Magnoliopsida Dicotyledons—plants with two initial seed leaves
Subclass Asteridae A large class that encompasses asters
Order Aquifoliales Hollies and some fairly obscure genera
Family Aquifoliaceae Holly family
Genus Ilex Latin for “holly oak” (rather than holly!)
Species verticillata From Latin verticillus, “whorled”
About plant names...
We live next to a beaver pond. Winterberry, a variety of holly, is widespread around the pond’s perimeter. While most holly varieties are evergreens, winterberries lose their leaves in the winter, leaving stunningly bright berries behind, berries that attract birds and persist for much of the winter. This woody shrub is present in much of the eastern half of the United States, even as far south as Florida, and in southeastern Canada. Here in Massachusetts I have seen it reach heights of 7' (2.1 m) or so, but some varieties are up to 15' (4.6 m) in height.
Identification: Winterberry is a hardy, multiple-stemmed shrub 6-10' (1.8-3 m) tall and generally oval in shape, with gray branches with large white patches. Leaves are 1½-3" (3.8-7.6 cm) × ¾-1¼" (1.9-3.2 cm), elliptical in shape, with slight
serrations. Small white ⅛" (5 mm) flowers have five to eight petals. Round bright red fruits, ¼" (6.3 mm) in diameter, persist through much of the winter. The fruits form in clusters or whorls around the stems.
Winterberries prefer wetlands.
The cultivar ‘Red Sprite’ has larger, somewhat more plentiful berries, and is here growing in well-drained soil rather than its preferred acidic wet soils. There are many other cultivars available.
Online References:
Ilex verticillata on www.carolinanature.com
Ilex verticillata at the University of Connecticut Plant Database
Ilex verticillata on Wikipedia
Ilex verticillata at the Ohio State University PLANTFacts database
Ilex verticillata at the University of Connecticut Plant Database
Ilex verticillata at the Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center
Ilex verticillata on Plants for a Future, a resource and information centre for edible and otherwise useful plants
9/15/2016 · Cadillac Mountain Summit, Acadia, Bar Harbor, Maine
11/19/2020 · Schiller Coastal Studies Center, Orrs Island, Maine
8/30/2010 · Old RR bed near Wilkins Farm, Pepperell, Massachusetts ≈ 9 × 6" (23 × 15 cm)
9/20/2009 · Acadia National Park, Bar Harbor, Maine ≈ 12 × 8" (31 × 20 cm) ID is uncertain
6/24/2021 · Hackett and Minot Trails, Harpswell, Maine ≈ 4½ × 3" (11 × 7.5 cm)
9/20/2009 · Acadia National Park, Bar Harbor, Maine ≈ 3½ × 2½" (9.8 × 6.6 cm) ID is uncertain
9/28/2013 · Cadillac Mountain, Acadia Naitonal Park, Bar Harbor, Maine ≈ 14 × 9" (35 × 23 cm)
6/24/2021 · Hackett and Minot Trails, Harpswell, Maine ≈ 4 × 2½" (10 × 7 cm)
8/30/2010 · Old RR bed near Wilkins Farm, Pepperell, Massachusetts ≈ 6 × 4" (15 × 10 cm)
6/19/2021 · Long Reach Preserve, Harpswell, Maine ≈ 3½ × 2" (9 × 6 cm)
9/25/2009 · Nashua River Rail Trail, near Hospital, Ayer, Massachusetts ≈ 31 × 21" (78 × 52 cm) ID is uncertain
10/6/2011 · Pack Monadnock, 2200', Peterborough, New Hampshire ≈ 8 × 5" (19 × 13 cm)
Older scientific names
Ilex bronxensis Britton
Ilex fastigiata E.P. Bicknell
Ilex verticillata (L.) A. Gray var. cyclophylla B.L. Rob.
Ilex verticillata (L.) A. Gray var. fastigiata (E.P. Bicknell) Fernald
Ilex verticillata (L.) A. Gray var. padifolia (Willd.) Torr. & A. Gray ex S. Watson
Ilex verticillata (L.) A. Gray var. tenuifolia (Torr.) S. Watson
Ilex verticillata description by Thomas H. Kent, last updated 14 Aug 2021.
© FloraFinder.org. All rights reserved.
8/30/2010 · Old RR bed near Wilkins Farm, Pepperell, Massachusetts ≈ 9 × 7" (22 × 18 cm)
9/25/2009 · Nashua River Rail Trail, near Hospital, Ayer, Massachusetts ≈ 15 × 10" (39 × 26 cm) ID is uncertain
9/20/2009 · Wild Gardens of Acadia, Acadia National Park, Bar Harbor, Maine ≈ 15 × 10" (39 × 26 cm) ID is uncertain
12/22/2011 · Groton Place and Sabine Woods, Groton, Massachusetts ≈ 7 × 4½" (17 × 11 cm)
6/20/2016 · Wildlife Pond Trail, Beaver Brook Conservation Area, Hollis, New Hampshire
9/20/2009 · Acadia National Park, Bar Harbor, Maine ≈ 8 × 6" (20 × 15 cm) ID is uncertain
9/25/2009 · Nashua River Rail Trail, near Hospital, Ayer, Massachusetts ≈ 17 × 12" (44 × 29 cm) ID is uncertain
10/23/2009 · Tom and Susan’s, Pepperell, Massachusetts ≈ 3½ × 2½' (1.2 × 0.8 m)
9/20/2009 · Wild Gardens of Acadia, Acadia National Park, Bar Harbor, Maine ≈ 21 × 14" (52 × 34 cm) ID is uncertain
8/27/2010 · Beaver Brook Association Conservation Lands, Rte. 130, Hollis, New Hampshire ≈ 9 × 6" (22 × 14 cm)
9/11/2013 · Nashua River Rail Trail, Groton Center, Groton, Massachusetts ≈ 6 × 5" (14 × 12 cm)
6/22/2017 · Garden in the Woods, Framingham, Massachusetts ≈ 6 × 4" (14 × 10 cm)
6/22/2017 · Garden in the Woods, Framingham, Massachusetts ≈ 6 × 5" (14 × 13 cm)
9/15/2010 · Red Dot Trail, Long Lake Park, Littleton, Massachusetts ≈ 17 × 12" (44 × 29 cm)
11/19/2020 · Schiller Coastal Studies Center, Orrs Island, Maine
9/29/2013 · North Bubble Hike, Acadia National Park, Bar Harbor, Maine ≈ 3 × 2½' (94 × 79 cm)
6/20/2016 · Wildlife Pond Trail, Beaver Brook Conservation Area, Hollis, New Hampshire
Range:
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